مقایسه ضرایب اصلاح تجربی و عددی حاصل از انرژی شکست درزجوش خطوط انتقال گاز با استفاده از آزمایش ضربه سقوطی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه پیام نور

2 استاد، مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه بیرجند

3 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان

چکیده

اتصالات جوش در سازه‌­های بزرگ علاوه بر آزمایش­‌های غیرمخرب، باید توسط آزمایش‌­های مخرب مکانیکی (مانند آزمایش کشش و ضربه) نیز تایید شوند. آزمایش ضربه سقوطی روشی مطمئن جهت ارزیابی توانایی توقف ترک در شکست نرم است. تحقیقات گذشته با تمرکز بر اندازه‌­گیری انرژی شکست در آزمون ضربه سقوطی به روش المان محدود و مقایسه با مقدار تجربی فولاد پایه انجام گرفته است. اما در تحقیق حاضر از درزجوش مارپیچ فولاد API X65 که در بدنه لوله واقعی خطوط انتقال گاز قرار داشت، استفاده شده است. نمونه­‌ها با دستگاه ضربه سقوطی مجهز شده آزمایش شدند و نمودار نیرو-تغییر مکان حاصل از دو روش عددی و تجربی بر اساس ضریب اصلاح، ارزیابی و مقایسه شده­‌اند. با در اختیار داشتن ضریب اصلاح (که در آن از مشخصه‌­های مهم منحنی نیرو-تغییر مکان مانند انرژی کل جذب شده، انرژی رشد ترک و همچنین انرژی شروع ترک استفاده می­‌شود)، می­‌توان به نمودار نیرو-تغییر مکان استخراج شده از شبیه‌­سازی که برای بدست آوردن مقادیر واقعی آن باید متحمل وقت و هزینه نسبتا زیادی شد، با دقت قابل قبولی اعتماد کرد. برای فولاد مورد استفاده در تحقیق حاضر ضریب اصلاح برای فولاد پایه و درزجوش مارپیچ، 8/1 بدست آمده است. استفاده از این مقدار برای فولادهای با گرید مشابه نیز قابل قبول خواهد بود. ضریب اصلاح برای درزجوش با استفاده از شبیه­‌سازی که با روش اصلاح شده گرسون انجام شد، 7/1 بدست آمده است که اختلاف آن با مقدار تجربی ناچیز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of experimental and numerical correction factors from seam weld fracture energy by drop weight tear testing of gas transportation pipelines

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Akbar Majidi-Jirandehi 1
  • Seyyed Hojjat Hashemi 2
  • Sajjad Seifoori 3
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birjand, Iran
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vali–e–Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
چکیده [English]

In addition to non-destructive testing, the weld joints in large structures must also be confirmed by mechanical destructive testing (such as tensile and impact tests). Drop weight tear test (DWTT) is a reliable test to evaluate ductile fracture and crack arrestability of pipelines. Previous research has focused on measuring and comparing the base metal fracture energy from DWTT using finite element and experimental methods. However, in the present research, the spirally welded seam of API X65 steel specimens were machined from an actual pipe and tested using DWTT. The load-displacement curves obtained from both numerical and experimental methods have been evaluated and compared regarding correction factors. Using the obtained correction factors (from important characteristics of the load-displacement curve such as total absorbed energy, crack initiation and propagation energy are used), the load-displacement curve of simulation can be relied upon with acceptable accuracy. Real curves can be obtained with a relatively large amount of time and money. For the steel used in the present study, the correction factor for base and weld metal is 1.8. The use of this value will also be acceptable for steels of the same grade. The weld metal correction factor using the simulation (based on Gurson-Tvergaard-needleman method) was 1.7, which was slightly different from the experimental value.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drop weight tear test
  • Spiral seam weld
  • API X65 steel
  • Correction factor
  • Pipeline failure model
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