مهندسی ساخت و تولید ایران

مهندسی ساخت و تولید ایران

الزامات لازم در طراحی و ساخت سیستم اگزوز لیفتراک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
الیاس حدادی
استادیار، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه ملی مهارت، تهران، ایران
10.22034/ijme.2024.476324.2003
چکیده
سیستم اگزوز یک قطعه یدکی مهم در هر خودرو از جمله لیفتراک برای کاهش صدا، آلایندگی و دما است. واکنش‌های شیمیایی ایجاد شده در سیلندرهای تمامی وسیله‌های نقلیه موتوری مثل لیفتراک‌ها باید به‌گونه‌ای، به خارج از موتور هدایت شوند. سیستم اگزوز صدای ایجاد شده را کاهش می‌دهد. صدا یک عامل غیرمنتظره از غرش موتور است که باعث ایجاد آلودگی صوتی شده و مشکل شنوایی ایجاد می‌کند. انتشار گازهای گلخانه‌ای نیز از احتراق یک موتور، که باعث آلودگی هوا می‌شود، منشأ می‌گیرد. برای اندازه‌گیری شدت صدا از دستگاه و استاندارد مربوطه و نیز برای اندازه‌گیری آلایندگی و دما هم از دستگاه‌ها و استانداردهای مربوطه بهره گرفته شد. مطابق استاندارد شدت صدای اندازه‌گیری شده در حدود 90 الی 110 دسی‌بل باید باشد (استانداردهای 13133، 13144 و استاندارد آلایندگی یورو). نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از آزمون سیستم اگزوز طراحی و ساخته‌شده در این مقاله نشان داد که سطح شدت صدای ایجاد شده، در حالت دور کند موتور لیفتراک (موتور دیزلی 4TNV98)، در حدود 79 دسی‌بل، البته در خروجی لوله اگزوز بود. در حالت دور تند موتور لیفتراک نیز، سطح شدت صدای ایجادشده در لوله خروجی اگزوز، در حدود 87 دسی‌بل بود. گازهای سمی مثل مونواکسید کربن، دی‌اکسید کربن و هیدروکربن نیز به ترتیب حدوداً برابر با 5/5، 5/7 درصد و 2800پی‌پی‌ام در مدت 10 دقیقه بود. دمای خروجی لوله اگزوز نیز در حدود 80 درجه سانتی‌گراد بود. نتایج، کاهش حدود 5 درصدی شدت صدای ایجاد شده و دما را نشان داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سیستم اگزوز
لیفتراک
آلایندگی
طراحی
ساخت

عنوان مقاله English

Necessary requirements in the design and manufacturing of forklift exhaust system

نویسنده English

Elyas Haddadi
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Skills (NUS), Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

The exhaust system is an important spare part in every vehicle including a forklift to reduce noise, pollution, and temperature. The chemical reactions created in the cylinders of all motor vehicles, such as forklifts, must be directed out of the engine in some way. The exhaust system reduces the noise created. Noise is an unexpected sound from an engine roar that causes noise pollution and causes hearing problems. Emission of greenhouse gases also originates from the combustion of an engine, which causes air pollution. To measure the noise, the device and the relevant standards were used, and to measure the pollution and temperature, the devices and the relevant standards were used. According to the standard, the measured sound intensity should be around 90 to 110 decibels (13133, 13144 and European emission standards). The results obtained from the test of the exhaust system designed and built in this article showed that the sound intensity level created in the slow idle mode of the forklift engine (diesel engine 4TNV98) was around 79 dB, of course, at the outlet of the exhaust pipe. In the high-speed mode of the forklift engine, the sound intensity level created in the exhaust outlet pipe was around 87 decibels. Toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons were approximately equal to 5.5, 7.5%, and 2800 ppm in 10 minutes, respectively. The outlet temperature of the exhaust was around 80 degrees Celsius. The results showed a decrease of about 5% in the sound intensity and temperature.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Exhaust System
Forklift
Emissions
Design
Manufacturing
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